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Viral Encephalitis Information

Viral encephalitis refers to a type of Encephalitis caused by a virus.[1]

Encephalitis may be caused by a variety of afflictions.

Types include:

Herpes simplex encephalitis

Main article: Herpes simplex encephalitis

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is caused by the same herpes simplex virus (HSV) that manifests in oral cold-sores or in genital sores. HSV encephalitis characteristically affects the temporal lobes of an infected individual's brain, while other encephalitides tend to be more diffuse. When the disease triggers brain inflammation, which occurs in 10% of cases of encephalitis (2 cases per million people), half of all untreated patients die (1 case per million people). Common symptoms include brain damage, partial paralysis, seizures, hallucinations and an altered state of consciousness. In rare cases a mother can pass HSE to her child at birth; symptoms then include lethargy, tremors, irritability, seizures and poor feeding in the first two weeks after birth.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Viral Encephalitis: Overview - eMedicine Neurology". http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1166498-overview. Retrieved 2009-03-07.
Infectious diseases · Viral systemic diseases (A80–B34, 042–079)
Oncovirus DNA virus: HBV (Hepatocellular carcinoma) · HPV (Cervical cancer, Anal cancer) · Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (Kaposi's sarcoma) · Epstein-Barr virus (Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, Primary central nervous system lymphoma) · MCPyV (Merkel cell cancer) · SV40 RNA virus: HCV (Hepatocellular carcinoma) · HTLV-I (Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma)
Immune disorders HIV (AIDS)
Central nervous system
Encephalitis/ meningitis DNA virus: JCV (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) RNA virus: MeV (Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) · LCV (Lymphocytic choriomeningitis) · Arbovirus encephalitis · Orthomyxoviridae (probable) (Encephalitis lethargica) · RV (Rabies) · Chandipura virus · Herpesviral meningitis · Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II
Myelitis Poliovirus (Poliomyelitis, Post-polio syndrome) · HTLV-I (Tropical spastic paraparesis)
Eye Cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus retinitis) · HSV (Herpetic keratitis)
Cardiovascular CBV (Pericarditis, Myocarditis)
Respiratory system/ acute viral nasopharyngitis/ viral pneumonia
DNA virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV infection/Infectious mononucleosis) · Cytomegalovirus
RNA virus IV: SARS coronavirus (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) V, Orthomyxoviridae: Influenzavirus A/B/C (Influenza/Avian influenza) V, Paramyxovirus: Human parainfluenza viruses (Parainfluenza) · RSV · hMPV
Digestive system
Oropharynx/Esophagus MuV (Mumps) · Cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus esophagitis)
Gastroenteritis/ diarrhea DNA virus: Adenovirus (Adenovirus infection) RNA virus: Rotavirus · Norovirus · Astrovirus · Coronavirus
Hepatitis DNA virus: HBV (B) RNA virus: CBV · HAV (A) · HCV (C) · HDV (D) · HEV (E) · HGV (G)
Pancreatitis CBV
Urogenital BK virus · MuV (Mumps)

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Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G04–G47, 323–349)
Inflammation
Brain Encephalitis (Viral encephalitis, Herpesviral encephalitis) · Cavernous sinus thrombosis · Brain abscess (Amoebic)
Spinal cord Myelitis: Poliomyelitis · Demyelinating disease (Transverse myelitis) · Tropical spastic paraparesis · Epidural abscess
Both/either Encephalomyelitis (Acute disseminated) Meningoencephalitis
Brain/ encephalopathy
Degenerative
Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Basal ganglia disease: Parkinsonism (PD, Postencephalitic, NMS) · PKAN · Tauopathy (PSP) · Striatonigral degeneration · Hemiballismus · HD · OA Dyskinesia: Dystonia (Status dystonicus, Spasmodic torticollis, Meige's, Blepharospasm) · Chorea (Choreoathetosis) · Myoclonus (Myoclonic epilepsy) · Akathesia Tremor (Essential tremor, Intention tremor) · Restless legs · Stiff person
Dementia Tauopathy: Alzheimer's (Early-onset) · Frontotemporal dementia/Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (Pick's, Dementia with Lewy bodies) Multi-infarct dementia
Mitochondrial disease Leigh's
Demyelinating autoimmune (Multiple sclerosis, Neuromyelitis optica, Schilder's disease) · hereditary (Adrenoleukodystrophy, Alexander, Canavan, Krabbe, ML, PMD, VWM, MFC, CAMFAK syndrome) · Central pontine myelinolysis · Marchiafava-Bignami disease · Alpers' disease
Episodic/ paroxysmal
Seizure/epilepsy Focal · Generalised · Status epilepticus · Myoclonic epilepsy
Headache Migraine (Familial hemiplegic) · Cluster · Tension
Cerebrovascular TIA (Amaurosis fugax, Transient global amnesia) Stroke (MCA, ACA, PCA, Foville's, Millard-Gubler, Lateral medullary, Weber's, Lacunar stroke)
Sleep disorders Insomnia · Hypersomnia · Sleep apnea (Obstructive, Ondine's curse) · Narcolepsy · Cataplexy · Kleine-Levin · Circadian rhythm sleep disorder (Advanced sleep phase syndrome, Delayed sleep phase syndrome, Non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome, Jet lag)
CSF Intracranial hypertension (Hydrocephalus/NPH, Idiopathic intracranial hypertension) · Cerebral edema · Intracranial hypotension
Other Brain herniation · Reye's · Hepatic encephalopathy · Toxic encephalopathy
Spinal cord/ myelopathy Syringomyelia · Syringobulbia · Morvan's syndrome · Vascular myelopathy (Foix-Alajouanine syndrome) · Spinal cord compression
Both/either
Degenerative
SA Friedreich's ataxia · Ataxia telangiectasia
MND UMN only: PLS · PP · HSP LMN only: PMA · PBP (Fazio-Londe, Infantile progressive bulbar palsy) · SMA (SMN-linked, Kennedy disease, SMAX2, DSMA1) both: ALS

: CNS

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